Famous Volcanoes in the World (Part 1)
A lot of volcanoes are spread out through the world. It sometimes bring harm and sometimes do not. Volcanoes have the best scenery because their background is a wonderful nature. I will not be surprised if people see volcanoes as a most beautiful land form. According to Time, the list below are some of the famous volcanoes in this world.
Mount Vesuvius
1. Mount Vesuvius
~ Vesuvius is the only active volcano in mainland Europe, and has produced some of the continent's largest volcanic eruptions. [1] It is a somma-stratovolcano located on the Gulf of Naples in Campania, Italy, about 9 km east of Naples and a short distance from the shore. Vesuvius is a distinctive "humpbacked" peak. Vesuvius was formed as a result of the collision of two tectonic plates, the African and the Eurasian. [2]
Mount Vesuvius, a volcano in modern-day Italy, erupted in AD 79 is one of the most catastrophic volcanic eruptions in European history. Historians have learned about the eruption from the eyewitness account of Pliny the Younger, a Roman administrator and poet. The event is the namesake for the Vesuvian type of volcanic eruption. [3]
Krakatoa
2. Krakatoa
~ Krakatoa is a volcanic island situated in the Sunda Strait between the islands of Java and Sumatra in the Indonesian province of Lampung. [4] Volcanic activity is due to subduction of the Indo-Australian tectonic plate as it moves northward toward mainland Asia. The island is about 9 by 5 kilometers. [5]
The 1883 eruption of Krakatoa in Indonesia began on 26 August 1883 and peaked in the late morning of 27 August when over 70% of the island and its surrounding archipelago were destroyed as it collapsed into a caldera. [6] A caldera is a large cauldron-like depression that forms following the evacuation of a magma chamber/reservoir. [7] The eruption of Krakatoa, or Krakatau, in August 1883 was one of the most deadly volcanic eruptions of modern history. It is estimated that more than 36,000 people died.[5]
Mount Saint Helens
3. Mount Saint Helens
~ Mount St. Helens or Louwala-Clough (known as Lawetlat'la to the indigenous Cowlitz people, and Loowit to the Klickitat) is an active stratovolcano located in Skamania County, Washington, in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. It is 154 km south of Seattle, Washington, and 80 km northeast of Portland, Oregon. [8] Mount St. Helens had the shape of a conical, youthful volcano sometimes referred to as the Mount Fuji of America. [9]
On May 18, 1980, a major volcanic eruption occurred at Mount St. Helens. The eruption was the most significant volcanic eruption to occur in the contiguous 48 U.S. states since the 1915 eruption of Lassen Peak in California. It has often been declared as the most disastrous volcanic eruption in United States history. An earthquake at 8:32:17 a.m. PDT (UTC−7) on Sunday, May 18, 1980, caused the entire weakened north face to slide away, creating the largest landslide ever recorded. [10]
Mount Tambora
4. Mount Tambora
~ Mount Tambora is an active stratovolcano and the highest mountain on the island of Sumbawa in Indonesia. Sumbawa is flanked to the north and south by colliding oceanic crust in an active subduction zone that created the mountain. [11]
The most destructive explosion on earth in the past 10,000 years was the eruption of an obscure volcano in Indonesia called Mount Tambora. More than 13,000 feet high, Tambora blew up in 1815 and blasted 12 cubic miles of gases, dust and rock into the atmosphere and onto the island of Sumbawa and the surrounding area. The eruption of the volcano, on the island of Sumbawa in Indonesia, reached a climax on 10 April 1815 and was followed by between six months and three years of increased steaming and small phreatic eruptions. [12]
Mauna Loa
5. Mauna Loa
~ Mauna Loa is one of five volcanoes that form the Island of Hawaii in the U.S. state of Hawaiʻi in the Pacific Ocean. The largest subaerial volcano in both mass and volume, Mauna Loa has historically been considered the largest volcano on Earth, dwarfed only by Tamu Massif. It is an active shield volcano with relatively gentle slopes, with a volume estimated at approximately 18,000 cubic miles , although its peak is about 37m lower than that of its neighbor, Mauna Kea. [13]
Mauna Loa is among Earth's most active volcanoes, having erupted 33 times since its first well-documented historical eruption in 1843. It has produced large, voluminous flows of basalt that have reached the ocean eight times since 1868. It last erupted in 1984, when a lava flow came within 7.2 km of Hilo, the largest population center on the island. [14]
Reference:
[11] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Tambora [12] https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/blast-from-the-past-65102374/
[13] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1815_eruption_of_Mount_Tambora
[14] https://volcanoes.usgs.gov/volcanoes/mauna_loa/
