Parts of a Volcano
Volcanoes are known kind of land forms. Let's find out their different parts.
It is said that there are many as 1,500 active volcanoes one Earth.
Volcanoes are the openings in the Earth’s surface. When they are active, the ashes, gas and hot magma escape in sometimes violent and spectacular eruptions.
Parts of a Volcano
CRATER
Mouth of a volcano that surrounds the vent.
A volcanic crater is a roughly circular depression in the ground caused by volcanic activity. It is typically a bowl-shaped feature within which occurs a vent or vents. [1]
VENT
The opening in the volcano from where the lava comes out.
A volcanic vent is an opening exposed on the earth's surface where volcanic material is emitted. All volcanoes contain a central vent underlying the summit crater of the volcano. [2]
LAVA
Molten rock which erupts from a volcano.
It is molten rock generated by geothermal energy and expelled through fractures in planetary crust or in an eruption.[3]
MAGMA
Molten rock under the surface of the Earth.
It is usually located deep within the mantle of the Earth.
It is a hot fluid or semifluid material below or within the earth's crust from which lava and other igneous rock is formed by cooling. When magma cools and solidifies, it forms igneous rock, of which lava is one type. [4]
SUMMIT
Highest point of the volcano
ASH
Small parts of lava or rocks which are shot in the air by explosion.
ASH CLOUDS
A cloud of ash formed by volcanic eruptions.
Pyroclastic Materials – another name for a cloud of ash, lava fragments carried through the air, and vapor. [4]
Pyroclastic Flow – contain a high-density mix of hot lava blocks, pumice, ash and volcanic gas. They move at very high speed down volcanic slopes, typically following valleys.[4]
SILL
A flat piece of rock which forms by the hardening of magma in a crack in a volcano.
It is a flat intrusion of igneous rock that forms between preexisting layers of rock. [5]
CONDUIT
The passage in the volcano through which magma travels up.
It is the pipe or vent at the heart of a volcano where material wells up from beneath the surface. [5]
THROAT
Conduit’s part that ejects lava and volcanic ash. Entrance of a volcano. [7]
PARASITIC CONE
A parasitic cone (also adventive cone or satellitecone) is the cone-shaped accumulation of volcanic material not part of the central vent of a volcano. It forms from eruptions from fractures on the flank of the volcano. [4]
VOLCANIC BOMBS
A volcanic bomb is a mass of molten rock (tephra) larger than 64 mm (2.5 inches) in diameter, formed when a volcano ejects viscous fragments of lava during an eruption. They cool into solid fragments before they reach the ground. [4]
References:
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanic_crater
[2] www.geology.sdsu.edu/how_volcanoes_work/Volcano_types.html
[3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lava
[4] https://www.britannica.com/science/sill
[5] https://www.universetoday.com/31376/volcano-conduit/
[6] http://primaryhomeworkhelp.co.uk/mountains/volcanoparts.html
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